On the boundary of the jumping spider genus Rhyphelia Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini), with description of ten new species.

In this paper we synonymize Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 with Rhyphelia Simon, 1902. We give new illustrations of the male holotype of the type species Rhyphelia variegata Simon, 1902 for comparisons, and describe the closely related Rhyphelia brevistylus sp. nov. () from the state of Bahia, Brazil. Additionally, we describe nine other new species from different Brazilian regions: Rhyphelia barbado sp. nov. () from Bahia, Rhyphelia bilineata sp. nov. () from Minas Gerais, Rhyphelia cotriguacuensis sp. nov. () from Mato Grosso, Rhyphelia gallina sp. nov. () from Acre, Rhyphelia novalima sp. nov. () and Rhyphelia okay sp. nov. () from Minas Gerais, Rhyphelia otti sp. nov. () from Rio Grande do Sul, Rhyphelia planaria sp. nov. () from So Paulo, and Rhyphelia tocantinensis sp. nov. () from Tocantins.

First description of the male genitalia in a short-tailed whipscorpion (Arachnida: Schizomida), description of the female, and comments on pygidial glands and cuticular ultrastructure of Surazomus algodoal Ruiz & Valente, 2017.

The male genitalia of Surazomus algodoal Ruiz & Valente, 2017 are described. Since this is the first attempt to describe male genitalia in the schizomids, we propose new terminology to describe the sclerites of the male genital chamber in the order. We believe that the male genitalia may provide a large set of characters for taxonomic research in schizomids, as the female genitalia have proven to do. The setae and other cuticular structures were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The female of S. algodoal is described for the first time, including the genitalia, and we highlight the sexual dimorphism present in the species. We also present descriptions of: 1) microtrichia, with respect to their presence/length/distribution, 2) cuticular sensilla, glandular openings and other cuticular structures, proposing new terminology, 3) setae of the pedipalpal trochanter and tarsus. Some changes on the terminology of setae of pedipalpal tibia are also given. These advances may be useful for description in other schizomids. The pygidial glands, mostly ignored in modern papers, were assessed and commented upon.

On the taxonomy of the jumping spider genus Matinta Ruiz & Maddison, 2019, with a taxonomic revision of the vicana species-group (Araneae: Salticidae: Amycini).

The male of Matinta opiparis (Simon, 1900) is redescribed based on fresh material, and the female is described for the first time. Matinta tatianae sp. nov. (male) is described from Acre and Par, Brazil. The vicana species-group of Matinta is revised, as follows: the males of M. silvae (Crane, 1943), M. fonsecai (Soares & Camargo, 1948), and M. vicana (Simon, 1900), and the female of M. silvae are redescribed based on fresh material. Three new species of the group are described: Matinta maddisoni sp. nov. from Morona Santiago, Ecuador (); Matinta pereirae sp. nov. from Amazonas, Brazil (); and Matinta aragog sp. nov. from French Guiana (). Detailed description of cheliceral dentition is given and commented. We conclude that the complex dentition within Amycini should be revised and more carefully studied.

A new huriine genus and notes on morphological characters (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae).

Huriini Simon, 1901 currently consists of six genera and 17 species, distributed exclusively in South America. In this work, the huriine genus Guriurius Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz Rodrigues, gen. nov. is proposed with two new species herein described: Guriurius minuano Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz Rodrigues, sp. nov. (type species) and Guriurius nancyae Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz Rodrigues, sp. nov. The female of Atelurius segmentatus Simon, 1901 is described and illustrated for the first time. Scoturius dipterioides Perger Rubio, 2018 is transferred to Atelurius Simon, 1901 due to the morphological similarity of copulatory ducts of epigyne, and Hurius pisac Galiano, 1985 is transferred to Simonurius Galiano, 1988 due to the similarities in body shape and female genitalia. Simonurius campestratus (Simon, 1901) is synonymized with Simonurius quadratarius (Simon, 1901). The interpretation of genitalic characters in Huriini is discussed. In addition, we provide new distributional records for Admesturius bitaeniatus (Simon, 1901), Ad. mariaeugeniae Bustamante Scioscia, 2014, Ad. schajovskoyi Galiano, 1988, At. segmentatus Simon, 1901, Scoturius tigris Simon, 1901, Hurius aeneus (Mello-Leito, 1941), and Simonurius gladifer (Simon, 1901). Except for Urupuyu Ruiz Maddison, 2015, all huriine genera are rediagnosed in the new context of tribe and genus composition.

Kelawakaju gen. nov., a new Asian lineage of marpissine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Marpissina).

The genus Kelawakaju Maddison & Ruiz, gen. nov., is described for a lineage of bark-dwelling Asian marpissine jumping spiders that represent a dispersal to Eurasia separate from that of the Marpissa-Mendoza lineage, according to the phylogeny recovered from analysis of four gene regions. All species of Kelawakaju are new to science except Kelawakajufrenata (Simon, 1901), comb. nov., which is transferred from Ocrisiona Simon, 1901. Kelawakajufrenata is known from Hong Kong, Guangdong, Guangxi, and likely Taiwan. The five new species are Kelawakajumulu Maddison & Ruiz, sp. nov. (type species of Kelawakaju, from Sarawak, Malaysia, ♂♀), K.intexta Maddison & Ruiz, sp. nov. (from Sarawak, ♂), K.leucomelas Maddison & Ng, sp. nov. (Singapore and Johor Bahru, ♂♀), K.sahyadri Vishnudas, Maddison, & Sudhikumar, sp. nov. (India, ♂♀), and K.singapura Maddison & Ng, sp. nov. (Singapore, ♂♀).

On the Amazonian cricket Phalangopsis Serville, 1831 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae): biology, morphology, and a new species.

Phalangopsis mimbypysara n. sp. is described from specimens collected in natural cavities in the region of Altamira and Vitória do Xingu, state of Pará, Brazil. Phalangopsis gaudichaudi Saussure, 1874 is considered nomen dubium. We provide new data about biology, distribution, habitat selection, morphology, and natural history of the genus Phalangopsis.

A new huriine genus and notes on morphological characters (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)

Huriini Simon, 1901 currently consists of six genera and 17 species, distributed exclusively in South America. In this work, the huriine genus Guriurius Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, gen. nov. is proposed with two new species herein described: Guriurius minuano Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, sp. nov. (type species) and Guriurius nancyae Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, sp. nov. The female of Atelurius segmentatus Simon, 1901 is described and illustrated for the first time. Scoturius dipterioides Perger & Rubio, 2018 is transferred to Atelurius Simon, 1901 due to the morphological similarity of copulatory ducts of epigyne, and Hurius pisac Galiano, 1985 is transferred to Simonurius Galiano, 1988 due to the similarities in body shape and female genitalia. Simonurius campestratus (Simon, 1901) is synonymized with Simonurius quadratarius (Simon, 1901). The interpretation of genitalic characters in Huriini is discussed. In addition, we provide new distributional records for Admesturius bitaeniatus (Simon, 1901), Ad. mariaeugeniae Bustamante & Scioscia, 2014, Ad. schajovskoyi Galiano, 1988, At. segmentatus Simon, 1901, Scoturius tigris Simon, 1901, Hurius aeneus (Mello-Leitão, 1941), and Simonurius gladifer (Simon, 1901). Except for Urupuyu Ruiz & Maddison, 2015, all huriine genera are rediagnosed in the new context of tribe and genus composition.

Revision of Gypogyna Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae).

Gypogyna Simon, 1900 is revised. Three species are recognized and diagnosed. The type species, Gypogyna forceps Simon, 1900, is redescribed and recorded from several localities in South America. Gypogyna amazonica Ruiz sp. nov. is described based on a male from Manaus, Brazil. Gypogyna mexicana Ruiz Bustamante sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes from the state of Jalisco, Mexico. In addition, some comments on cheliceral dentiton and genital morphology are discussed.

New species and records of thiodinines from North and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae: Thiodinini).

Five new species of thiodinines are described: Atomosphyrus wandae sp. nov. (♂, from state of Piauí, Brazil); Cyllodania marietae sp. nov. (♂♀, from Ecuador); Tartamura turbo sp. nov. (♂♀, from state of Pará, Brazil); Thiodina camilae sp. nov. (♂♀, from the Dominican Republic); and Thiodina tyrioni sp. nov. (♂♀, from Arizona, U.S.A.). New records of Thiodina firme Bustamante Ruiz, 2017, Tartamura adfectuosa (Galiano, 1977), T. agatelin Bustamante Ruiz, 2017 and T. huao Bustamante Ruiz, 2017 are provided.

Taxonomic revision of Marma Simon, 1902 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini).

The Neotropical genus Marma Simon, 1902 is revised. With exception of the holotype of M. femella (Caporiacco, 1955), which was redescribed in previous work, all the other species of the genus were revised based on their types. The type species, M. baeri Simon, 1902, and M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900) are redescribed based on newly collected specimens. The third and last species presently listed in the World Spider Catalog, M. femella, is confirmed as valid. Two species presently considered synonyms of M. nigritarsis are revalidated: M. rosea (Mello-Leitão, 1941) and M. argentina (Mello-Leitão, 1941). Two species are synonymized: Thysema dorae Mello-Leitão, 1944, syn. nov. with Ocnotelus argentinus Mello-Leitão, 1941 and Paralophostica centralis Soares Camargo, 1948, syn. nov. with Agelista rosea Mello-Leitão, 1941. Pseudoamphidraus variegatus Caporiacco, 1947 and M. trifidocarinata Caporiacco, 1947 are confirmed as synonyms of M. nigritarsis. Six new species from northern/northeastern Brazil are described: M. abaira sp. nov. (♀), M. linae sp. nov. (♂♀), M. pipa sp. nov. (♂♀), M. sinuosa sp. nov. (♂♀), M. spelunca sp. nov. (♂♀) and M. wesolowskae sp. nov. (♂♀). Also, the male of M. argentina is described for the first time. We give new diagnostic illustrations and updated distribution records for all the species of the genus.

Seven new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini).

Seven new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 are described from Brazil: A. araripe sp. nov. (♂♀), A. boomerang sp. nov. (♂), A. cornipalpis sp. nov. (♂♀), A. draconitupan sp. nov. (♂♀), A. manauara sp. nov. (♂♀), A. sacrificatus sp. nov. (♂) and A. shenlong sp. nov. (♂). Morphological variation in the male palp of A. draconicaudatus Salgado Ruiz, 2017 and A. caxiuanan Salgado Ruiz, 2017 is discovered and evaluated.

A revision of the concept of Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882, and proposal of a new genus (Araneae: Salticidae: Amycini).

In this paper we redescribe the type species of Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, M. intentus O. Pickard-Cambridge, and describe Mago brimodes Ruiz Maddison sp. nov. from Ecuador. Based on both morphological features and the 16SND1 gene region, we concluded that the larger spiders traditionally identified as Mago, such as Mago acutidens Simon and related species, are not closely related to the small dark M. intentus (type species) and M. brimodes. Matinta Ruiz Maddison gen. nov. is therefore proposed to hold most species previously included in Mago. The following species are transferred from Mago to the new genus: Matinta acutidens (Simon, 1900) comb. nov. (type species), Matinta apophysis (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta balbina (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta chickeringi (Caporiacco, 1954) comb. nov., Matinta delicata (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. nov., Matinta fonsecai (Soares Camargo, 1948) comb. nov., Matinta furcata (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta jurutiensis (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta longidens (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta mimica (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta opiparis (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta pardo (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta procax (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta saperda (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta silvae (Crane, 1943) comb. nov., Matinta similis (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta steindachneri (Taczanowski, 1878) comb. nov. and Matinta vicana (Simon, 1900) comb. nov. Mago dentichelis Crane, 1949 is transferred to Noegus Simon.

Description of a new species of Surazomus (Arachnida: Schizomida), with comments on homology of male flagellum and mating march anchorage in the genus.

Surazomus saturninoae sp. nov. is described from eastern Amazon. The male has a pentagonal flagellum, similar to those of three other species in the genus. These four species are herein gathered as the arboreus-group of Surazomus. We present a brief synopsis of chaetotaxy description in hubbardiines and several homology proposals for the flagellum of the species in the arboreus-group: the posterior lobes may be homologous to the lateral lobes of hubbardiine species with trilobed flagella; the setal brush with 4-5 setae on the posterior lobe may be composed of one Dl2 seta and enlarged lobular microsetae; the single, median posterior coupling pocket may be homologous to the pair of posterior pockets seen in other hubbardiines; the single, median anterior coupling pocket may be homologous to the pair of pockets on the anterior border of the flagellum seen in other hubbardiines. Based on the morphology of these pockets and the chelicerae within Surazomus, we discuss the anchoring mechanism during the mating march.

Two new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini).

Two new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 from Brazil are described: N. gyrinus sp. nov. (♂) from Caseara, state of Tocantins, and N. choanocytica sp. nov. (♂♀) from Piracuruca, state of Piauí. Since N. choanocytica is one of the smallest species of jumping spiders, detailed description of its tarsal tuft and spinnerets is given for future comparison. New records of N. salafraria Ruiz and Brescovit, 2004 are provided.

On four new species of the jumping spider genus Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 from South America (Araneae: Salticidae).

Four new species of Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 are described. Mago furcatus sp. nov. and Mago mimicus sp. nov. are described from Ecuador (Orellana and Napo provinces, respectively), both based only on the male holotypes. Both sexes of Mago pardo sp. nov. and the male of Mago apophysis sp. nov. are also described from the state of Pará, Brazil. A map with records of these species is given.

Systematics of Thiodinini (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species.

The jumping spider tribe Thiodinini is revised at generic level: diagnoses are proposed for all valid genera, based on the type species of each genus, and in some cases, on new species herein described. The tribe contains seven genera: Thiodina Simon, 1900; Cyllodania Simon, 1902; Hyetussa Simon, 1902; Atomosphyrus Simon, 1902; Arachnomura Mello-Leitão, 1917, Titanattus Peckham & Peckham, 1885 and the new genus Tartamura gen. nov. The following genera are synonymized: Micalula Strand, 1932 and Bredana Gertsch, 1936 with Hyetussa Simon, 1902; Agelista Simon, 1900 with Titanattus Peckham & Peckham, 1885. With this, the following new combinations are established: Hyetussa longithorax (Petrunkevitch, 1925) comb. nov. (this species with a neotype designation), from Micalula, and Hyetussa complicata (Gertsch, 1936) comb. nov. and Hyetussa alternata (Gertsch, 1936) comb. nov., both from Bredana. A transfer is proposed: Thiodina minuta comb. nov. (from Cyllodania). Twelve new species are described: Arachnomura querandi sp. nov.; Cyllodania trinidad sp. nov.; Cyllodania zoobotanica sp. nov.; Hyetussa sergipe sp. nov.; Hyetussa tremembe sp. nov.; Tartamura agatelin sp. nov.; Tartamura huao sp. nov.; Tartamura metzneri sp. nov.; Thiodina firme sp. nov.; Thiodina perian sp. nov.; Titanattus acanjuba sp. nov. and Titanattus euryphaessa sp. nov. Morphological traits and aspects of the phylogeny are discussed.

Twenty-seven new species of the goblin spider genus Neoxyphinus Birabén, 1953 (Araneae: Oonopidae) from Brazil.

Twenty-seven new species of the genus Neoxyphinus are described, all from Brazil, raising the total number of species of the genus to 48. The new species with the respective geographic distribution and known sexes are: N. capiranga sp. nov. (♂♀) from Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso and Rondônia; N. caprichoso sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. garantido sp. nov. (♂♀) from Amazonas and Pará; N. crasto sp. nov. (♂♀) from Bahia and Sergipe; N. murici sp. nov. (♂♀) from Alagoas and Sergipe; N. meurei sp. nov. (♀) from Bahia and Mato Grosso; N. belterra sp. nov. (♂♀) from Pará and Mato Grosso; N. ornithogoblin sp. nov. (♂♀), N. sax sp. nov. (♂♀), N. coari sp. nov. (♂♀), N. tucuma sp. nov. (♂♀), N. ducke sp. nov. (♂) and N. carigoblin sp. nov. (♀) from Amazonas; N. almerim sp. nov. (♂), N. mutum sp. nov. (♂♀), N. caxiuana sp. nov. (♂♀), N. cachimbo sp. nov. (♂) and N. jacareacanga sp. nov. (♀) from Pará; N. paraty sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. rio sp. nov. (♂♀) from Rio de Janeiro; N. novalima sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. celluliticus sp. nov. (♂) from Minas Gerais; N. paraiba sp. nov. (♂) and N. simsinho sp. nov. (♂♀) from Paraíba; N. cantareira sp. nov. (♂) from São Paulo; N. cavus sp. nov. (♂) from Espírito Santo and N. stigmatus sp. nov. (♂) from Bahia. A key for identification of all 48 known species of Neoxyphinus is provided and possible monophyletic lineages within the genus are discussed.

Amazoonops, a new genus of goblin spiders (Araneae: Oonopidae) from the Brazilian Amazon.

The new genus Amazoonops is proposed for a group of species from the Brazilian Amazon that belong to the Varioonops group, which is presently composed by Varioonops Bolzern & Platnick, Ponsoonops Bolzern and Bipoonops Bolzern. In these genera, female lacks the dorsal abdominal scutum, have a reduced abdominal post-epigastric scutum, and the male palp has unfused cymbium and tegulum. The incomplete abdominal epigastric scutum of females and the sternal surface covered with deep pits in both sexes are considered as putative synapomorphies of the new genus. Five new species are described, four from the state of Pará (Amazoonops almeirim sp. nov., A. cachimbo sp. nov., A. caxiuana sp. nov. and A. juruti sp. nov.) and one from the state of Amazonas (A. ducke sp. nov.). Females of A. almeirim sp. nov. and A. ducke sp. nov. are unknown.

Amazoonops, a new genus of goblin spiders (Araneae: Oonopidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

The new genus Amazoonops is proposed for a group of species from the Brazilian Amazon that belong to the Varioonops group, which is presently composed by Varioonops Bolzern & Platnick, Ponsoonops Bolzern and Bipoonops Bolzern. In these genera, female lacks the dorsal abdominal scutum, have a reduced abdominal post-epigastric scutum, and the male palp has unfused cymbium and tegulum. The incomplete abdominal epigastric scutum of females and the sternal surface covered with deep pits in both sexes are considered as putative synapomorphies of the new genus. Five new species are described, four from the state of Para (Amazoonops almeirim sp. nov., A. cachimbo sp. nov., A. caxiuana sp. nov. and A. juruti sp. nov.) and one from the state of Amazonas (A. ducke sp. nov.). Females of A. almeirim sp. nov. and A. ducke sp. nov. are unknown.

Three new species and redescription of the type species of Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini).

Four syntopic species of Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 are recorded from the Floresta Estadual do Trombetas, Oriximiná, Pará, Brazil. The first is the type species of the genus, S. amrishi Makhan, 2007, of which we redescribe the male and describe the female for the first time. The other three species are new and described herein based on both sexes: S. laticlavus sp. nov., S. trombetas sp. nov. and S. elongatulus sp. nov.